Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Orexin signaling regulates both the hippocampal clock and the circadian oscillation of Alzheimer’s disease-risk genes

doi: 10.1038/srep36035

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Dissected hippocampus slices in ice-cold 1 × HBSS buffer (PH = 7.2–7.4). ( B ) Deficiency of Clock leads to the attenuation of circadian rhythms in the hippocampus. We recorded the real-time luciferase activity of Clock delta19/delta19 ; mPer2 luc/luc and WT control hippocampus slices and found an attenuation of circadian rhythms in Clock mutants. ( C ) The oscillation of the hippocampus slices was damped after one week in ex vivo culture conditions. However, medium changes at days 7–8 induced synchronization of hippocampal oscillation ( D ) Forskolin (10 μM) treatment induced synchronization of hippocampal oscillation.

Article Snippet: Clock delta19/+ mice and homozygous mPer2 ::luciferase knock-in mice ( mPer2 luc/luc ) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory.

Techniques: Luciferase, Activity Assay, Control, Ex Vivo

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Orexin signaling regulates both the hippocampal clock and the circadian oscillation of Alzheimer’s disease-risk genes

doi: 10.1038/srep36035

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic plot of the promoters of the BACE genes, including four possible E-boxes located in the 1.4-kb BACE2 promoter and one D-box located in the 1-kb BACE1 promoter. ( B ) Left pane: transfection of E4BP4 inhibited the transcription of Bace1 in a dose-dependent manner. Right pane: The CLOCK:BMAL1 complex activated the expression of Bace2 in a dose-dependent manner. ( C ) The expression of Per2 and Bace2 between Clock mutant and WT mice in hippocampus. Clock delta19/delta19 and WT mice (n = 3) were sacrificed at ZT5 and ZT7 under the LD condition; the expressions of Per2 and Bace2 were decreased at ZT5 and ZT17 in the Clock delta19/delta19 mice due to the deficiency of the Clock gene; Bar graph (mean ± s.e.m.) of relative gene expression (n = 3, N.S. P > 0.05; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01, student’s t-test).

Article Snippet: Clock delta19/+ mice and homozygous mPer2 ::luciferase knock-in mice ( mPer2 luc/luc ) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory.

Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Mutagenesis, Gene Expression